A circle with centre has equation (−8)2+(−4)2=100. (a)Show that the point (−6,6)is outside the circle. Two tangents from to the circle are drawn. (b)Show that the angle between one of the tangents and is exactly 45°. The two tangents touch the circle at and . (c)Find the equation of the line , giving your answer in the form =+. (d)Find the -coordinates of and .
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1 Answer

(a) I assume you mean (x-8)²+(y-4)²=100.

If the distance between (-6,6) and the centre (8,4) is greater than the radius 10, the point is outside the circle.

This distance is √((8-(-6))²+(4-6)²)=√(14²+2²)=√200=10√2. This is greater than 10, so the point is outside the circle.

(b) I assume you mean the tangent from the given point (-6,6) to the circle.

Differentiating the equation of the circle :

2(x-8)+2(y-4)dy/dx=0, so dy/dx=(8-x)/(y-4) at the point (x,y).

The slope from (x,y) to the point (-6,6) has slope (y-6)/(x+6).

These slopes must be equal so:

(8-x)/(y-4)=(y-6)/(x+6),

(8-x)(x+6)=(y-6)(y-4),

2x+48-x²=y²-10y+24,

x²+y²-2x-10y-24=0,

(x-1)²+(y-5)²=50, which is a circle centre (1,5).

Subtract this from the equation of the circle and employ the difference of two squares:

(x-8-x+1)(x-8+x-1)+(y-4-y+5)(y-4+y-5)=50,

-7(2x-9)+2y-9=50,

-14x+63+2y-9=50,

-14x+2y=-4, 7x-y=2, y=7x-2.

Substitute for y:

(x-1)²+(7x-7)²=50,

x²-2x+1+49x²-98x+49=50,

50x²-100x=0=50x(x-2), so x=0 or 2.

y=7x-2=-2 or 12.

Therefore the circles intersect at (2,12) and (0,-2) (the tangent points).

The slopes of the tangent lines from the point (-6,6) are:

(12-6)/(2+6)=6/8=3/4; (6+2)/-6=-8/6=-4/3.

The length of the tangent line is √(6²+8²)=√100=10 which is the same as the radius of the given circle. Therefore the triangle formed by joining the point (-6,6) to the centre of the circle (8,4) is a right isosceles triangle, making the angles 45°.

(c) The equation of the line is y-6=3(x+6)/4=3x/4+9/2, y=3x/4+21/2.

(d) The question is not clear—coordinates of what? If you mean the intercepts, then the x-intercept is when y=0: 3x/4=-21/2, x=-(4/3)(21/2)=-14; and the y-intercept is 21/2. Intercepts are (-14,0) and (0,21/2).

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