8.0 mL of 0.10 M HC2H3O2 is titrated with 0.10 M NaOH. Perform the following calculations & make sure to show all of work

-pH of the acid before any NaOH is added

-Volume of 0.10 M NaOH needed to reach the equivalence point

-pH at the equivalence point

-Volume of 0.10 M NaOH needed to reach the half-way point

-pH at the half-way point
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1 Answer

This a problem in physical chemistry, not a mathematics problem, although some calculations are involved.

The question provides no information on equilibrium constants, so in order to help provide you with a solution, I need to research the chemistry about pH and titration.

I believe I can answer the first part if I assume that acetic acid has an equilibrium constant K of about 1.85×10⁻⁵. Concentration of acetic acid is 0.1 mole.

We need an ICE table and an equilibrium equation (aq=aqueous solution):

                  CH₃COOH(aq) + H₂O(liquid) ⇌CH₃COO⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

INITIAL            0.1                      0                       0                         0

CHANGE          -x                      0                       x                         x

EQUILIBRIUM 0.1-x                  0                       x                         x

where x is the charge transferred from acetic acid.

K=(x)(x)/(0.1-x)=x²/(0.1-x).

This produces the quadratic equation:

K(0.1-x)=x², x²+Kx-0.1K=0.

(Another way to solve this is to assume x will be very small compared to 0.1, so the equation simplifies into x²=0.1K, x=√0.1K, so x=√1.85×10⁻⁶=0.00136 approx.)

Using the quadratic formula:

x=(-K±√(K²+0.4K))/2, x=(-K±K√(1+0.4/K))/2.

We know x is a positive quantity, so:

x=(-K+K√(1+0.4/K))/2=K(√(1+0.4/K)-1)/2.

0.4/K is a large number, so:

x=K(√(0.4/K)-1)/2=0.00136.

pH=-log(0.00136)=2.866 approx.

More to follow in due course (I hope!)...

by Top Rated User (1.2m points)

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