There are different ways of reading this so I am going to give what I think is what’s intended: (-2)⁴ˣ⁺²/(-2)²ˣ=(-2)¹².
Since all the exponents are even, we can remove the minus sign because -1 to an even power is always 1.
So we have 2⁴ˣ⁺²/2²ˣ=2¹², 2⁴ˣ⁺²⁻²ˣ=2¹², 2²ˣ⁺²=2¹².
The exponents are equivalent so 2x+2=12, 2x=10, x=5 is the solution.