The question is unclear because p and y haven’t been defined in the question.
Considering the data as a set of 9 data values, represented by the sequence, and x goes from 1 to 9, it happens that 31.6 is very close to ∑x²/9. The regression equation (regression coefficient, r=0.99) is:
y=14x/3-13/9, which fits the data reasonably well. In fact, this can be represented graphically by a line which almost passes through the origin. Such a line is indicative of proportionality. That is, y is proportional to x, or vice versa. I’m thinking that p stands for “proportionality”.
If y=31.6, x=7.1 approx. If p is the constant of proportionality between x and y, then p=31.6/7.1=4.45 or 7.1/31.6=0.22 (approx).
This is just a guess at what the question is asking.